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1.
J. bras. pneumol ; 49(4): e20220419, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514416

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the etiology of and factors associated with pulmonary infection in kidney and kidney-pancreas transplant recipients. Methods: This was a single-center case-control study conducted between December of 2017 and March of 2020 at a referral center for kidney transplantation in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The case:control ratio was 1:1.8. Cases included kidney or kidney-pancreas transplant recipients hospitalized with pulmonary infection. Controls included kidney or kidney-pancreas transplant recipients without pulmonary infection and matched to cases for sex, age group, and donor type (living or deceased). Results: A total of 197 patients were included in the study. Of those, 70 were cases and 127 were controls. The mean age was 55 years (for cases) and 53 years (for controls), with a predominance of males. Corticosteroid use, bronchiectasis, and being overweight were associated with pulmonary infection risk in the multivariate logistic regression model. The most common etiologic agent of infection was cytomegalovirus (in 14.3% of the cases), followed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (in 10%), Histoplasma capsulatum (in 7.1%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (in 7.1%). Conclusions: Corticosteroid use, bronchiectasis, and being overweight appear to be risk factors for pulmonary infection in kidney/kidney-pancreas transplant recipients, endemic mycoses being prevalent in this population. Appropriate planning and follow-up play an important role in identifying kidney and kidney-pancreas transplant recipients at risk of pulmonary infection.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a etiologia da infecção pulmonar e os fatores a ela associados em pacientes que receberam transplante de rim ou rim-pâncreas. Métodos: Estudo unicêntrico de caso-controle realizado entre dezembro de 2017 e março de 2020 em um centro de referência em transplantes de rim em Belo Horizonte (MG). A proporção caso:controle foi de 1:1,8. Os casos foram pacientes que haviam recebido transplante de rim ou rim-pâncreas e que foram hospitalizados em virtude de infecção pulmonar. Os controles foram pacientes que haviam recebido transplante de rim ou rim-pâncreas e que não apresentaram infecção pulmonar, emparelhados com os casos pelo sexo, faixa etária e tipo de doador (vivo ou falecido). Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 197 pacientes. Destes, 70 eram casos e 127 eram controles. A média de idade foi de 55 anos (casos) e 53 anos (controles), com predomínio de pacientes do sexo masculino. O uso de corticosteroides, bronquiectasias e sobrepeso relacionaram-se com risco de infecção pulmonar no modelo de regressão logística multivariada. O agente etiológico de infecção mais comum foi o citomegalovírus (em 14,3% dos casos), seguido de Mycobacterium tuberculosis (em 10%), Histoplasma capsulatum (em 7,1%) e Pseudomonas aeruginosa (em 7,1%). Conclusões: O uso de corticosteroides, bronquiectasias e sobrepeso parecem ser fatores de risco de infecção pulmonar em pacientes que receberam transplante de rim ou rim-pâncreas, e as micoses endêmicas são prevalentes nessa população. O planejamento e acompanhamento adequados desempenham um papel importante na identificação de pacientes transplantados de rim/rim-pâncreas nos quais haja risco de infecção pulmonar.

2.
REME rev. min. enferm ; 26: e1470, abr.2022. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1422467

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar os efeitos adversos locorregionais da administração da terapêutica oncológica endovenosa em mulheres com câncer de mama avançado. Metodo: revisão integrativa da literatura, que utilizou as bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS e EMBASE, sem recorte temporal, além de busca reversa dos artigos selecionados, atualizada até maio de 2022 A população contemplou mulheres com câncer de mama avançado submetidas à intervenção com terapêutica oncológica endovenosa com quimioterapia ou hormonioterapia ou anticorpo monoclonal, e o desfecho avaliou efeitos adversos locorregionais Resultados: identificaram-se 2.789 estudos, e a amostra final foi composta por 8 ensaios clínicos e 1 estudo observacional retrospectivo, sendo todos estudos internacionais e publicados no período de 1986 a 2018. Predominantemente, as pacientes tinham câncer de mama em estádio IV, idade de 50 anos ou mais e múltiplas metástases. Os efeitos adversos locorregionais foram: flebite, ulceração e/ou necrose, dor, eritema e reação no local da injeção não especificada. Os estudos não trazem detalhamento do tipo de cateter venoso, osmolaridade dos fármacos e cuidados preventivos para diminuição desses efeitos adversos. Conclusão: as evidências desses artigos mostraram que os efeitos adversos locorregionais estão presentes em estudos de eficácia dos fármacos oncológicos em mulheres com câncer de mama avançado. No entanto, destaca-se que a segurança da administração dos fármacos oncológicos não se apresenta elucidada nessa revisão, indicando necessidade de estudos de acompanhamento dos efeitos adversos.


RESUMEN Objetivo: identificación de los efectos adversos locorregionales de la administración de la terapia oncológica intravenosa en mujeres con cáncer de mama avanzado. Método: revisión bibliográfica integradora, que utilizó las bases de datos PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS y EMBASE, sin corte de tiempo, además de una búsqueda inversa de los artículos seleccionados, actualizada hasta mayo de 2022 La población incluyó mujeres con cáncer de mama avanzado, sometidas a intervención con terapia oncológica endovenosa con quimioterapia u hormonoterapia o anticuerpo monoclonal y el resultado evaluó los efectos adversos locorregionales Resultados: se identificaron 2.789 estudios y la muestra final se compuso de ocho ensayos clínicos, un estudio observacional retrospectivo, todos estudios internacionales, publicados desde 1986 hasta 2018. Predominantemente, las pacientes tenían cáncer de mama en estadio IV, edad de 50 años o más y metástasis múltiples. Los efectos adversos locorregionales fueron flebitis, ulceración y/o necrosis, dolor, eritema y reacción en el lugar de la inyección no especificada. Los estudios no detallan el tipo de catéter venoso, la osmolaridad de los fármacos y los cuidados preventivos para reducir estos efectos adversos. Conclusión: las pruebas de estos artículos mostraron que los efectos adversos locorregionales están presentes en los estudios de eficacia de los fármacos oncológicos en mujeres con cáncer de mama avanzado. Sin embargo, cabe destacar que la seguridad de la administración de los fármacos contra el cáncer no se dilucida en esta revisión, lo que indica la necesidad de realizar estudios de seguimiento sobre los efectos adversos.


ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the locoregional adverse effects of administering intravenous oncologic therapy in women with advanced breast cancer. Method: this was an integrative literature review using the PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS, and EMBASE databases, without a time cut, in addition to a reverse search of the selected articles updated until May 2022. The population included women with advanced breast cancer undergoing intervention with intravenous oncologic therapy with chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or monoclonal antibody, and the outcome assessed locoregional adverse effects. Results: 2,789 studies were identified, and the final sample consisted of 8 clinical trials and 1 retrospective observational study, all of which were international studies published from 1986 to 2018. Predominantly, patients with stage IV breast cancer, were aged 50 years or older, and had multiple metastases. Locoregional adverse effects were phlebitis, ulceration and/or necrosis, pain, erythema, and unspecified injection site reaction. The studies did not detail the type of venous catheter, the osmolarity of the drugs, and preventive care to reduce these adverse effects. Conclusion: the evidence from these articles showed that locoregional adverse effects are present in efficacy research of oncologic drugs in women with advanced breast cancer. Nonetheless, the safety of administering cancer drugs is not elucidated in this review, indicating the need for follow-up studies of adverse effects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Neoplasms/nursing , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Phlebitis/complications , Erythema/complications , Evidence-Based Practice , Necrosis/complications
3.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 81: e37824, mar.1, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, CONASS, ColecionaSUS, SES-SP, VETINDEX, SESSP-ACVSES, SESSP-IALPROD, SES-SP, SESSP-IALACERVO | ID: biblio-1410399

ABSTRACT

In this article, the actions developed by the Hospital Infection Control Service (HICS) and Occupational Medicine (OM) to face the COVID-19 pandemic and track cases of infection among employees of a large hospital in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Training actions, guidelines on how to collect a swab sample, Code 19 (COVID-19) simulation, dressing/undressing, hand hygiene, the definition of flows, and the quantification of cases infected by COVID-19 among employees in care areas were highlighted. The engagement of HICS and OM in the prevention and promotion of health were fundamental to facing the pandemic. It is estimated that SARS-CoV-2 infection rates among staff at the study hospital were similar to those at other hospitals. The experience report is important for expanding knowledge about action planning in the context of a large hospital (AU).


Neste artigo, são relatadas as ações desenvolvidas pelo Serviço de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar (SCIH) e Medicina do Trabalho (MT) para o enfrentamento da pandemia de COVID-19 e rastreamento dos casos de infecção entre funcionários de um hospital de grande porte de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Destacaram-se as ações de treinamentos, orientações de como coletar amostra de swab, simulação Código 19 (COVID-19), paramentação/desparamentação, higiene das mãos, definição de fluxos e quantificação dos casos infectados por COVID-19 entre funcionários de áreas assistenciais. O engajamento do SCIH e da MT na prevenção e promoção da saúde foi fundamental no enfrentamento da pandemia. Estima-se que os índices de infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 entre os funcionários do hospital em estudo foram similares aos de outros hospitais. O relato de experiência é importante para a ampliação do conhecimento sobre o planejamento de ações no contexto de um hospital de grande porte (AU).


Subject(s)
Occupational Health , Infection Control , Pandemics , COVID-19 , Occupational Medicine
4.
Clinics ; 76: e3312, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1350630

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to correlate a higher Pelvic-Trochanteric Index (PTI) with an increased varus of the femoral neck with greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS). The secondary objective was to check whether the pelvic width changes with age. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted to compare female patients diagnosed with GTPS (case group) with asymptomatic female participants (control group) from March 2011 to June 2017. On an anteroposterior pelvic radiograph, lines were drawn by two radiologists, and the PTI (ratio of the distance between the greater trochanters and distance between the iliac crests) was defined and the femoral neck-shaft angle was measured. RESULTS: Data collected based on radiographs of 182 female patients (cases) and 150 female participants (controls) showed that the mean PTI was 1.09 (SD=0.01) in the case group and 1.07 (SD=0.01) in the control group (p<0.05), regardless of age. The distance between iliac crests increased with age (p<0.05) in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. It was also found that the mean femoral neck-shaft angle was 130.6° (SD=0.59) and progression of the varus angulation occurred with age in both groups, with a significance level of 5%. CONCLUSIONS: The PTI was higher in patients with GTPS. The femoral neck-shaft angle does not differ between individuals with and without GTPS; however, it does decrease with age. The pelvic width tends to increase with aging in symptomatic or asymptomatic individuals; therefore, the increase in the pelvic width and decrease in the femoral neck-shaft angle can be interpreted as normal in aging women, which could alter the biomechanics of the hips and pelvis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bursitis , Femur/diagnostic imaging , Pain , Prospective Studies , Femur Neck
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